All of us are concerned about our looks. Everyone wants flawless skin. Pimples are a common problem during adolescence. Teenagers often become worried and depressed because of pimple growth. In recent days, natural ingredients get popular because of side-effect-free long-term benefits. NitaNaturale gives some home remedies to rid of pimples outbreaks with some easily available natural ingredients. 

DIY Pimple Remedies

Here we will discuss some DIY pimple remedies with the direction of application. Following the direction properly and compliance to the remedy offer fast healing and reduce the frequency of developing new pimples. You must clean your skin properly before applying these homemade anti-pimple face preparations for effective results. 

Cleansing of skin

Lukewarm water with mild soap and a clean towel sufficient for cleansing purposes. Those who do not prefer soap can use milk. Milk has a natural cleansing property. Dip cotton on milk and gently apply with a circular motion on your skin. Wait for 10 minutes and then wash with lukewarm water.  

Lemon –cinnamon pack

Lemon has citric acid and is a rich source of vitamin C. Citric acid helps to remove the dirt and reduce the chances of bacterial growth. Vitamin C nourishes skin tissues and makes them healthy. Cinnamon is a widely used spice because of its unique aroma. But it has wound healing properties as it is a natural antiseptic. Cinnamon also improves the blood flow and supplies nutrients at the site of pimples. It can erase the spot marks of pimples.

How to prepare Lemon –cinnamon pack

Take one tablespoonful of lemon juice and cinnamon powder in a bowl. Mix evenly and prepare a smooth paste.

Direction of use

This specific pack should be applied to the site of pimples at night, as lemon promotes a photo-sensitive reaction in sunlight. After application, leave the face pack until it becomes dry, then wash it off with water. 

Oatmeal – Yogurt Mask

Sebum secretion is higher in oily skin and dirt easily sticks at the skin surface. Oily skin holders often have a common complaint of pimples out of the break. Oatmeal deeply cleanses the skin’s surface. Oatmeal has granules-like structures that help in dead skin removal. It also supplies nutrients to the deeper layers of the skin. It is beneficial for absorbing dirt and toxic materials from the skin surface. Yogurt is helpful to soften the skin and enhance skin glow. It also improves skin tone. This face mask is one of the good options for oily skin, as it reduces the chance of pimple formations. 

How to prepare Oatmeal – Yogurt Mask

Take equal quantity (one tablespoonful of each) of oatmeal and yogurt in a container. Then stir this mixture with a stirrer till it becomes a consistent preparation.

Direction of use

Apply this mixture on the skin surface and wait till it becomes dry. Gently remove the mask and wash with lukewarm water.  

Pulp of Papaya 

Papaya has a long list of benefits due to which it becomes a key ingredient of different branded natural skin products. Papaya can rid of the oily content from the skin surface by controlling excess sebum secretion. and treat pimples. Papaya also reduces the chance of dust sticking to the facial skin. The application of a papaya mask makes pimples are less frequent. Papain is an enzyme present in the papaya. The anti-inflammatory property of papain can reduce swelling at the pimple sites and prevent pus formation. 

How to get the pulp of papaya

Buy a ripe reddish-orange colored papaya from the market. Cut a two-inch piece of papaya and then peel it off. Take it in a bowl and mash the papaya pulp in such a manner to easily apply to the skin.

Direction of use

Apply this mashed papaya pulp all over the facial skin after proper cleaning and drying of the skin. Wait for 30 minutes and thoroughly wash with lukewarm water. Gently rub an ice cube at the pimple sites to enhance blood circulation. This practice can help to reduce the redness and swelling of the pimples. 

Water Vapor / Steam followed with an application of honey

Water vapor or steam has a great effect on reducing pimples. The steam treatment helps to open the skin pores. It helps to drain out all the toxins and trapped microbes that cause infection. This is one of the easily available pimple remedies that exist.

Direction of use

For application, take a large container with hot water. Allow the vapor/steam to come in contact with facial skin for a few minutes. Then wipe out the sweat with a clean towel. Repeat it three times. Then, wash your face with lukewarm water and dry it. Now, apply honey for moisturizing the skin. Honey has anti-bacterial property that acts against bacterial growth. The anti-inflammatory property of honey has also reduced the inflammation at the pimple site. This remedy is effective for all types of skin. It is helpful for moisturizing and further detoxifying the skin.

The discomfort associated with migraine increases with light and sound effects. Nausea and vomiting are two common symptoms associated with migraine. Migraine is not an age-specific disease. The predominance of the disease is unknown but may occur due to stress, sudden changes in blood circulation or neuro-chemical transport, genetic factors, and hormonal alteration. In 2011, the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey in the USA reported that 22.7% population had migraine. 

Migraine Cures

Oral administration of the painkillers available in the drug stores can give instant migraine relief. These medications do not provide permanent migraine relief. There is no medication discovered to treat migraine but can only provide temporary pain relief. Besides, people often do not prefer to intake analgesic medicine to avoid side effects. Different natural ingredients are available as home remedies to safely abate the migraine attack. These natural therapies are beneficial to reduce the frequency and severity of attacks. Migraine can also be controlled by regular physical activities that are easy to perform at our home.

Home Remedies for Migraine

Ginger Tea

Ginger is a common kitchen ingredient that usually gives a spicy taste to our food items. Traditionally, ginger has multiple therapeutic benefits that are effective for many clinical conditions like nausea and vomiting. As I mentioned earlier, these two are commonly associated symptoms of migraine. 

Prostaglandin is a pain triggering factor present in the human body through contracting muscle, altering hormonal release, and causing swelling. The presence of two hundred key constituents in ginger oil acts together against the prostaglandin synthesis. Thus, ginger gives relief to the extensive headache that occurs in migraine. Ginger controls stomach upset that worsen the conditions of migraine. Ginger also helps pain relief in migraine along with improving stomach health. Scientific evidence has been proved all these traditional claims through a recent study conducted by researchers from headache clinics in the USA. The research report revealed that ginger supplements could prevent the severity of migraine. Also subsides the associated symptoms like nausea and vomiting. Ginger has blood-thinning properties. Experts suggested not to take ginger pieces directly.

Preparation of ginger tea

Chop the freshly cut 1 ½ inch ginger piece. Add chopped ginger to a pan with 1 cup of water and boil it till the volume become half. After this step, strain the extract and gradually drink the ginger tea by taking a sip.

Mint Leaves

Mint leaf is a chief source of peppermint oil. The typical smell obtained from peppermint oil is due to the presence of menthol, a volatile substance that imparts a cooling effect. Mint leaves are easily available as kitchen items. Mint leaves are usually added to many food preparations for cooling effect during hot summer days. Therapeutically, mint leaves reduce stomach problems like nausea and also relieve spasms. In 2002, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)conducted a National Health Interview Survey. This survey report mentioned that 12 % of migraine suffered patients among 30,000 population used peppermint oil in the USA to get relief from pain. 

Peppermint acts as a stress buster due to its cooling effect. Peppermint also improves the blood flow in the brain by promoting muscle contraction and relaxation of the smooth muscles of the blood vessels. However, more scientific studies are expected to justify this fact. The best result is obtained by applying the peppermint oils locally on the affected site. Inhalation of vapor released from boiled mint leaves also helps to give migraine relief.   

Preparation of topical application

Peppermint oil mixed with eucalyptus oil and ethanol (type of alcohol) gives the best result in migraine relief. For this, crush mint leaves and eucalyptus leaves and take a cotton cloth. Spread both the crushed leaves on the cloth. Add 15 – 20 drops of ethanol and then quickly fold the cloth. Lie on the bed and then cover the forehead with this cotton piece. Close your eyes and take a rest.

If you want a simple solution, buy authentic peppermint oil, and eucalyptus oil to get similar benefits without effort. Ready to use these essential oils are effective relief from migraine.

Drinking of tea or coffee

Drinking tea specifically green tea and chamomile tea have the benefits of relieving migraine. Both these herbal tea are useful for treating the conditions like muscle cramps and stomach spasms linked with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Do you know IBS triggers migraine? 

Post-menopausal syndromes also elicit migraine attacks. The condition can be controlled by drinking unsweetened tea. Tea without milk and sweet helps to regulate hormonal changes. Both green tea and coffee contain caffeine. Required quantity of caffeine is useful to get rid of anxiety and also reduces swelling of the blood vessels. But instead of drinking coffee try tea. Too much coffee drinking may create withdrawal syndrome that also includes a headache.  

Cold Compression

Some patients get migraine relief by using ice bags on the forehead during a severe attack. Using Ice bag is an easy way for cold compression. Alternatively, you can also keep some ice cubes inside the folded hand towel if an ice bag is unavailable. Then, you keep the hand towel on your forehead that may constrict blood vessels and reduce the throbbing sensation. 

Some time alternative hot and cold compression is also effective.

The effective stepwise massage technique for migraine  

• Press the muscles of the forehead. First, start from the upper part of the eyebrows and gradually release the pressure.  
• Close your eyes and tightly squeeze the eyelids and generate pressure. Gradually release the pressure and open your eyes evenly.
• Expand your cheek muscles then relax. 
• Tightly grasp your jaw and then rid of the pressure.
• Place your tongue tip at the roof of your oral cavity and generate pressure. Gradually bring the tongue to its original position.
• Join both the lips and hold them tightly. Gradually open them.
• Generate pressure at the backside of the head by pressing against the support (floor, pillow, and chair) and then release the pressure.
• Lift your shoulders up and hold them as much as near to the ears. Then after 30 sec go back to your original posture. Repeat this for a few cycles. 
• Breathing exercises utilizing the diaphragm (dome-shaped elastic rim-like structure present between the chest and abdominal cavity) reduce the frequency of migraine attacks. 

Scientific evidence is not sufficient to support these home-based treatments. But modern medical treatment services recommend some of these as complementary medicines or remedies.

Natural Sinus Relief

Although before the COVID era, we had a practice of using some quick-relief medications for sinus treatment without concerning side effects. But the COVID makes us more health-conscious. Many of us have started traditional natural treatment to avoid common illnesses, especially cold and cough-related conditions. Following are some natural therapy that I recommend for prolonged sinus relief and reducing reoccurrence:  

Water Vapor with Peppermint Oil

Water vapor is a natural mucolytic. Mucolytic helps to liquefy the congested mucous and helps to expel out from the nasal passage. It also helps to have proper moisture balance in the nasal cavity and protect from unnecessary drying. For achieving sinus relief by water vapor, you need to take a bowl full of hot water, peppermint oil, and a clean towel. Keep the hot water bowl on the table and add a few drops of peppermint oil. Peppermint oil contains menthol that synergizes the mucolytic effect of the water vapor. Sit comfortably in front of it. Bend your neck towards the bowl and inhale the water vapor by taking a deep breath. You cover your head during inhalation with a clean towel to prevent the escape of vapor and menthol (volatile that easily gets vaporized) to the surrounding atmosphere. 

Rinsing of Nasal Cavity

The nasal cavity rinsing practice is a debatable process. But studies had been proven that it is very effective for sinus relief. You need to take 1 cup of lukewarm water and mix 1teaspoonful of salt for preparing the rinsing fluid. Stir the liquid until it becomes a solution and let it become cool. Then, stand comfortably in front of a washbasin. Take a small quantity of solution in the palm. Inhale the liquid. Then forcefully exhale to bring out all the congested mucous and other dirt particles that you inhaled during breathing. Initially, it produces discomfort. But the regular practice may become a habituation. 

Topical Application of Garlic- Cinnamon Paste

Garlic is a natural antimicrobial. It has bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects on a varying range of micro-organisms. Cinnamon has an anti-inflammatory property as it helps to release the mucosa and reduces the swelling. Cinnamaldehyde present in cinnamon is a good antibiotic for respiratory infectious agents. Take 4-6 cloves of garlic and one tablespoonful of cinnamon powder to prepare this paste. Make a paste of garlic cloves and add cinnamon powder to it. Locally apply this paste to the affected area (the forehead and nose). This application gradually reduces sinus pain. 

Inhalation of Black Cumin Seed

Black cumin seed has several active constituents that make it a precious natural ingredient for effective relief of all kinds of ailments. The tiny black cumin is effective for sinus relief. Take a clean muslin cloth and add some quantity of black cumin seed. Tie the cloth properly and make a ‘potli’ (a small wrap with thread). Keep this potli with you during winter or when sinus pain occurs frequently. Inhale the smell as much as you can and get rid of sinus problems. 

Mustard Oil Drop

Mustard oil is extracted from mustard seeds. Mustard seeds can break the mucosal congestion by increasing the fluidity of the mucous. It also reduces the pain by blocking the neurotransmission. Mustard seeds can also decrease prostaglandin (pain mediator) production. Moreover, mustard oil also has an antimicrobial property. Take one small cup of mustard oil and add one teaspoonful of mustard seeds and boil it. Then, wait for a few minutes until the preparation cools down. Then, filter the oil and store the mustard oil drop in an air-tight container. Add two drops of mustard oil in each nostril with the help of a dropper. Apply this thrice a day. Otherwise, take some oil in the palm and rub both palms to generate friction between palms. Massage the feet in the same way by using this oil. During the massage, produced heat is a very effective treatment for cold. Add some garlic cloves and black cumin seeds with the oil for a better result. 

Sinus Relief Medication

Hot Lemon Syrup

Lemon is full of vitamin C that increases our immunity against cold. Honey is a good antioxidant and helps to reduce inflammation. These two main ingredients and the other two magical additives make the preparation active against sinusitis. The names of the two other additives are cumin seed and fenugreek seeds. Cumin seeds decrease the production of mucous and reduce the inflammation of the mucous membrane. To prepare this syrup, first, you have to roast cumin seeds and fenugreek seeds with two tablespoonfuls each and then grind them together. Keep this mixture in an air-tight container. Squeeze one lemon juice and add one teaspoonful of honey just before taking the syrup. Slightly heat and add the crushed spices (cumin seed and fenugreek seeds) into it. Individuals who have sinusitis during winter or climate change can administer this syrup with a twice-daily dose for every day. This remedy is helpful to prevent infections and also gives relief from sinusitis. 

Evidential background for the recommendation

A mixture of Black seed and honey has the potential benefits to prevent as well as reduce the severity of Coronavirus infection. The Hindu ePaper published an article on their BusinessLine Page On 9th November 2020. The report mentioned that a multicentre randomized, controlled clinical trial showed a combination of 1 gm/kg/day of honey and 80 mg/kg/day of Black seed (scientifically known as Nigella sativa) treatment for 13 days was effective to clear viral load and alleviated symptoms of Coronavirus infection. This study result found that anti-diabetic, anti-hypertensive, cardio-protective, and broncho-dilatory properties of honey and the Black seed mixture could reduce the mortality rate among high-risk patients who had diabetes, hypertension, cardiac disorders, or asthma. [2] Based on this promising study result, Intas Pharmaceuticals Limited has recently launched its new patented tablet formulation, Thymotas. Thymoquinone and honey are the two primary ingredients present in Thymotas formulation.[3] Your Black seed is a rich source of Thymoquinone.

Why we have to depend on black seed and honey mixture or such natural remedies to deal with the Coronavirus pandemic?

Research and development departments of different Pharma companies are working hard to speed up to launch of vaccines as well as specialized treatment for COVID-19 infection as early as possible. But no licensed vaccine or specific treatment for coronavirus infection till now available in the market. In such conditions, nature offers a new remedy. A mixture of Black seed and honey to strengthen our immune system to fight against Coronavirus infection.

How a combination of black seed and honey is effective against Coronavirus infection?

Both Black seed and honey are common traditional remedies used in different airway disorders such as throat infections, bronchitis, flu, and pneumonia. [4,5] Moreover, Black seed oil is a useful treatment for chronic pain symptoms such as headache and back pain, etc. Therefore, these traditional applications indicate these two natural ingredients have the potential to use in COVID-19 infection. The scientific explanation is a little detailed. But this detailed explanation helps readers to understand why this combination they should include in their regular regimen during this pandemic.

The combination of bioactive phytochemicals presents in black seeds and the unique nutritional composition of honey not only an effective remedy to boost immunity for preventing Coronavirus infection but also has the potential to reduce the risk of severity of the symptoms of Coronavirus infected patients. Research experts recommended black seed containing Thymoquinone in combination with honey can be used as an adjuvant therapy with conventional standard prescribed treatment to obtain better therapeutic outcomes against Coronavirus infection. [3]

Thymoquinone is the chief bioactive phytochemicals present in Black seeds. Along with Thymoquinone, thymohydroquinone, thymol, dithymoquinone, carvacrol, and β-Pinene present in the Black seed are worked together and exert antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-diabetic, antihypertensive, and reno-protective effects. All these therapeutic benefits are essential treatment approaches for Coronavirus infected patients. [5] Whereas, the flavonoids and polyphenolic compounds present in honey may impart antimicrobial, antiviral, and antioxidant effects. [6]

Medicinal Property	Mechanism of Action	Research Evidence
Boosts immunity and reduces viral load	Black seed increases CD4 count and production of interferon- (INF-) gamma with and also activates T cell functioning. [5] Honey has attributed antiviral effect due to its osmotic effect, naturally low pH, and presence of bioactive natural compounds. [4] Flavonoids and its other derivatives present in honey exert a broad-spectrum antiviral effect. [4] Honey targets the 3‐chymotrypsin‐like cysteine protease enzyme of SARS‐CoV, which is one of the most promising targets for drug discovery against coronaviruses. [4]	The clinical trial result reported Black seed is effective against hepatitis C virus. Treatment with Black cumin seed oil exerts symptomatic relief and improves laboratory parameters. [5] The antiviral effect of Black seed is effective against multiple viral infections, such as murine cytomegalo virus infection, avian influenza (H9N2), Chistosoma Mansoni Infection, PPR virus, Broad bean mosaic virus, HIV, Hepatitis C Virus, Zucchini Yellow Mosaic Virus, and Papaya Ring Spot Virus. [7] Honey inhibits the viral replication of the influenza virus due to its virucidal effects. It synergistically interacted with the other antiviral medicines. [4]  Apart from the influenza virus, honey is also effective against human respiratory syncytial, human rhinovirus, human metapneumovirus, parainfluenza, and betacoronavirus. [4] Although the antiviral effect of honey against the novel coronavirus (SARS‐CoV‐2) has not been confirmed yet, [4] but a combination of honey and Black seed is effective to prevent and reduce the severity of coronavirus. [2] The combination of Black seed and honey is also offered protection against HIV transmission from pregnant women to the fetus. [5] Recently, a trial result confirmed that a combination of Black seed and honey is also offering protection and reduce the severity of COVID-19. [2]
Bronchodilator	Thymoquinone‚ the main component of Black seed reduces tracheal contraction, and anti-inflammatory effect reduces bronchial inflammation. The antispasmodic effect relaxes the smooth muscles present in the airways. [5] Honey is a natural demulcent that soothes cough symptoms. It increases cytokine release and provides apparent benefit in the common cold. [9]	A preclinical research result supported that Black Seed has a preventive effect against pulmonary fibrosis and inflammation. [8]   A clinical trial result concluded that honey is a cost-effective cough treatment. [9]
Antioxidant property	Black seed consumption increases antioxidant enzymes like erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activity and also reduces free radicals (plasma malondialdehyde).  [5]   Phenolic and flavonoid components of honey responsible for the antioxidant property.  [6]	A human trial result reported that consumption of Black seed oil for eight weeks significantly diminishes the superoxide dismutase free radical (SOD) level. [5] The strong antioxidant property of honey improves the nutrition quality and provides positive benefits for human health. [6]
Antidiabetic property	Black seed intake improves the pancreatic β-cells degeneration, reduces pancreatic inflammation, and congestion. [5]   Honey containing oligosaccharides as well as Palatinose-based balanced formula improve glycaemic response in diabetic patients.  [10]	A human trial result reported that administration of black seed oil with a dose of 3ml per day for 20 days showed a marked reduction of random blood sugar and glycated hemoglobin A1c levels. [5]   Multiple clinical studies showed positive antidiabetic outcomes with honey supplementation.  [10]
Antihypertensive	Black seed and its active component, thymoquinone can act as a calcium channel blocker and increase urine output due to its potent antioxidant property. [5]   The antioxidant property of Honey regulates oxidative stress and effective to control blood pressure.  [11]	A human trial result showed that Black Seed oil significantly lowers systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial blood pressure along with heart rate, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level. [5]   Honey supplementation reduces elevated systolic blood pressure levels. [11]
Reno-protective	Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antitoxic properties of Black seed and its phytochemical thymoquinone help to maintain kidney function. [12] Better management of oxidative stress by supplementation with honey gives kidney protection.  [11]	The pre-clinical trial result showed a positive benefit of Black seed on kidney tissue.  [12] Pre-clinical research showed the positive benefits of honey supplementation. [11]

I hope you can understand now why NitaNaturale recommends you to add a combination of black seeds and honey. The antiviral, broncho-dilatory property, broad-spectrum antioxidant property, and regulating or boosting immune functioning. Along with improving the possible comorbid conditions like regulating blood sugar, pressure, and kidney functioning of the combination of black seeds and honey indicate that we can use this combination as a self-care treatment against SARS-CoV-2. [3]

Tips to use Black seed and honey

• I hope you use the whole Black seed in your kitchen. Whole Black seed is a common flavoring spice often used for seasoning purposes. Whole Black seed is completely safe and does not have any side effects. According to the different research studies, I have found that Black seed oil has optimal therapeutic benefits in comparison with Black seed powder. Therefore, it is better to intake Black seed oil than the whole black seed to gain therapeutic benefits. But NitaNaturale will give additional tips for those who use the whole Black seed as a kitchen ingredient and do not want to spend extra to buy Black seed oil.
• Take a teaspoon of Black seed and ground them freshly. Add the powder into a small cup of boiling water. Close the lid and wait for a minute. Then put off the flame. After 7 to 10 minutes, add one teaspoon of honey and enjoy the warm drink every morning.  This small lifestyle change may give you protection not only from Covid-19 but helps to prevent other microbial infections, normalize blood glucose, cholesterol, and can also regulate blood pressure.
• I have committed to explaining all the science behind the tips given in the NitaNaturale. Therefore, I just wanted to add that instead of using Black seed oil, fresh Black seed powder has enough efficacy to fight against Covid-19. I found during my research that a human trial result confirmed that boiled extract of Black seed had a potent bronchodilatory effect. [13] Another research also confirmed that ground black seed has an antimicrobial effect.  [14] Even Black seed powder provides better plasma lipid control. [15]
• Select Arabian origin-based organic Black seed, which is better compared to other origins in respect of therapeutic value. [16] Another important tip is to use Manuka honey, which has better therapeutic benefits than other varieties. [17]

What precautionary measures essential to know about Black seed and honey?

If any individual has an allergic tendency towards Bee products, then honey may not be a suitable option for them. During pregnancy, Black seed intake is not recommended as it can delay uterine contraction. Individuals who are under blood clotting medications should not take Black seed without consulting with the doctor. [18]

References

1. https://covid19.who.int/
2. https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/variety/honey-and-nigella-sativa-help-in-covid-19-viral-clearance-and-reduce-severity-study/article33056708.ece
3. https://indiadailymail.com/technology/intas-launches-thymotas-as-adjunct-to-covid-treatment-business-journal/
4. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7536959/
5. https://www.hindawi.com/journals/ecam/2019/1528635/
6. https://www.ejmo.org/pdf/IN%20Silico%20Approach%20of%20Some%20Selected%20Honey%20Constituents%20as%20SARSCoV2%20Main%20Protease%20COVID19%20Inhibitors-36102.pdf
7. https://pharmacologyonline.silae.it/files/newsletter/2019/vol2/PhOL_2019_2_NL007_Molla.pdf
8. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5987441/
9. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4264806/
10. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3909917/
11. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3270456/
12. https://www.karger.com/Article/Fulltext/486829
13. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4387228/
14. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22238497/
15. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26875640/
16. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22238497/
17. https://www.intechopen.com/books/honey-analysis-new-advances-and-challenges/health-benefits-of-honey
18. https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/kalonji-nigella-seeds#TOC_TITLE_HDR_11