Aging & Skin Health – Nita Naturale

Do It Your Pimple Remedies

Nita — Thu, 03 Feb 2022 05:35:46 +0000

Skin covers and protects our internal organs and is an essential but complex sensory organ in the human body. The outermost layer of the skin is made with dead cells that protect inner skin layers from microbial attacks. Hair follicles are present just beneath the outer layer. Oil glands that secrete sebum are present under the hair follicles and help drain off all the toxic substances from the internal layers of the skin. Both physiological and environmental factors can affect sebum gland secretion. Increased sebum secretion from the gland blocks the drainage system. Microbial attacks worsen the condition. Consequently, pimples outbreaks occur over the skin.

All of us are concerned about our looks. Everyone wants flawless skin. Pimples are a common problem during adolescence. Teenagers often become worried and depressed because of pimple growth. In recent days, natural ingredients get popular because of side-effect-free long-term benefits. NitaNaturale gives some home remedies to rid of pimples outbreaks with some easily available natural ingredients.

DIY Pimple Remedies

Here we will discuss some DIY pimple remedies with the direction of application. Following the direction properly and compliance to the remedy offer fast healing and reduce the frequency of developing new pimples. You must clean your skin properly before applying these homemade anti-pimple face preparations for effective results.

Cleansing of skin

Lukewarm water with mild soap and a clean towel sufficient for cleansing purposes. Those who do not prefer soap can use milk. Milk has a natural cleansing property. Dip cotton on milk and gently apply with a circular motion on your skin. Wait for 10 minutes and then wash with lukewarm water.

Lemon –cinnamon pack

Lemon has citric acid and is a rich source of vitamin C. Citric acid helps to remove the dirt and reduce the chances of bacterial growth. Vitamin C nourishes skin tissues and makes them healthy. Cinnamon is a widely used spice because of its unique aroma. But it has wound healing properties as it is a natural antiseptic. Cinnamon also improves the blood flow and supplies nutrients at the site of pimples. It can erase the spot marks of pimples.

How to prepare Lemon –cinnamon pack

Take one tablespoonful of lemon juice and cinnamon powder in a bowl. Mix evenly and prepare a smooth paste.

Direction of use

This specific pack should be applied to the site of pimples at night, as lemon promotes a photo-sensitive reaction in sunlight. After application, leave the face pack until it becomes dry, then wash it off with water.

Oatmeal – Yogurt Mask

Sebum secretion is higher in oily skin and dirt easily sticks at the skin surface. Oily skin holders often have a common complaint of pimples out of the break. Oatmeal deeply cleanses the skin’s surface. Oatmeal has granules-like structures that help in dead skin removal. It also supplies nutrients to the deeper layers of the skin. It is beneficial for absorbing dirt and toxic materials from the skin surface. Yogurt is helpful to soften the skin and enhance skin glow. It also improves skin tone. This face mask is one of the good options for oily skin, as it reduces the chance of pimple formations.

How to prepare Oatmeal – Yogurt Mask

Take equal quantity (one tablespoonful of each) of oatmeal and yogurt in a container. Then stir this mixture with a stirrer till it becomes a consistent preparation.

Direction of use

Apply this mixture on the skin surface and wait till it becomes dry. Gently remove the mask and wash with lukewarm water.

Pulp of Papaya

Papaya has a long list of benefits due to which it becomes a key ingredient of different branded natural skin products. Papaya can rid of the oily content from the skin surface by controlling excess sebum secretion. and treat pimples. Papaya also reduces the chance of dust sticking to the facial skin. The application of a papaya mask makes pimples are less frequent. Papain is an enzyme present in the papaya. The anti-inflammatory property of papain can reduce swelling at the pimple sites and prevent pus formation.

How to get the pulp of papaya

Buy a ripe reddish-orange colored papaya from the market. Cut a two-inch piece of papaya and then peel it off. Take it in a bowl and mash the papaya pulp in such a manner to easily apply to the skin.

Direction of use

Apply this mashed papaya pulp all over the facial skin after proper cleaning and drying of the skin. Wait for 30 minutes and thoroughly wash with lukewarm water. Gently rub an ice cube at the pimple sites to enhance blood circulation. This practice can help to reduce the redness and swelling of the pimples.

Water Vapor / Steam followed with an application of honey

Water vapor or steam has a great effect on reducing pimples. The steam treatment helps to open the skin pores. It helps to drain out all the toxins and trapped microbes that cause infection. This is one of the easily available pimple remedies that exist.

Direction of use

For application, take a large container with hot water. Allow the vapor/steam to come in contact with facial skin for a few minutes. Then wipe out the sweat with a clean towel. Repeat it three times. Then, wash your face with lukewarm water and dry it. Now, apply honey for moisturizing the skin. Honey has anti-bacterial property that acts against bacterial growth. The anti-inflammatory property of honey has also reduced the inflammation at the pimple site. This remedy is effective for all types of skin. It is helpful for moisturizing and further detoxifying the skin.

Why it is better to use organic or natural beauty products

Nita — Fri, 23 Jul 2021 10:02:10 +0000

Natural beauty is always appreciated more than artificial enhancement. But cosmetic manufacturing companies are combining many chemical ingredients to formulate different beautifying products to give an artificial aesthetic boost. These products have become well accepted due to their instant effect. But if you consider the long-term health effects of these product ingredients, then definitely you concentrate on the composition of the products.

Some common cosmetic items usually present in our routine skincare and personal care items are:

Skincare products like moisturizers
Ornamental items like make-up
UV-ray protection like sunscreen creams and lotions
Oral hygiene products like toothpaste and mouthwash
Nail care products like nail polish and removers
Soaps and bathing items like bubble bath
Haircare products like shampoo, dyes
Shaving products like foams, aftershave
Deodorants and antiperspirants
Fragrances like perfumes and colognes
Foot care products like anti-fungicides

Women are more susceptible to experience cosmetics-induced health hazardous. On average, a woman uses 12 personal-care products daily and exposes 168 unique ingredients due to this routine practice. Male members have relatively less risk as they use personal care products almost half of the female users.

According to research, more than ten thousand ingredients are used to formulate different beauty products. But safety assessments have been done only for 11% of these ingredients. The suspected toxic effects obtain from these chemicals include hormonal disruption, hypersensitivity reaction, carcinogenic effects, and neurological disorders.

Beauty products and harmful chemicals

Some identified harmful chemicals present in different beauty products are as follows:

Make-up contains coal tar colors and parabens.
Hair dye contains lead, coal tar colors, phenylenediamine.
The shampoo contains formaldehyde, diethanolamine, parabens.
Blush, mascara, eye shadow, nail polish, contain formaldehyde and its derivatives.
Skin-lightening cream contains mercury, parabens.
Lipsticks contain lead
Perfume and deodorant contain glycol ethers, phthalates.
Shaving cream contains parabens.

How do cosmetic chemicals exert harmful effects on our bodies?

Skin is the largest organ in our body and covers vital organs. The topically applied substances readily absorb by the blood vessels present beneath the skin and mix into the bloodstream. Nanoparticle-sized ingredients used in skincare products like sunscreens or other cosmetic items can freely penetrate the skin deep. Thus, the cosmetic ingredients reach different vital organs and provide multiple harmful effects.

Harmful effects of different Beauty products containing cosmetic products

Carcinogenic effect

Coal tar, Diethanolamine, 1,4-Dioxane, Petroleum distillates, chromium, formaldehyde have a carcinogenic effect but are widely used in different beauty products. If you check the composition details of anti-dandruff shampoos and anti-itch creams, you will found coal tar is one of the main ingredients present in most of these products. 1,4-Dioxane is a contaminant present in sodium Laureth sulfate-containing products. Chromium that can cause stomach cancer is a common ingredient of lipsticks, lip balm, etc. Petroleum distillates are used in mascara, odor removal powder, and other products formulations in the USA. Some of these chemicals impart estrogen-mimicking activity that increases the risk of breast cancer, early onset of menstruation. Paraphenylenediamine and coal tar present in hair dye can increase the incidence of non-Hodgkins lymphoma and bladder cancer. Triclosan containing anti-bacterial soaps have a link with thyroid cancer.

Endocrine disruption

Some chemicals like parabens, triclosan, oxybenzone, and phthalates can disrupt endocrine functioning. Among these ingredients, parabens are widely used as preservatives and a common ingredient of many toiletries. This chemical has estrogenic activity and can induce breast cancer. Sunscreen containing oxybenzone acts as a hormone disruptor. Hormone-disrupting phthalates can cause female infertility and early breast enlargement and negatively affect fetal growth during pregnancy.

Hypersensitivity or allergic reaction

Chemicals present in beauty products often bring on an allergic reaction. Hypersensitive individuals are more susceptible to develop an allergic response, such as contact dermatitis, skin irritation, itching, etc. Some users also have a complaint of burning sensation, visible changes, the occurrence of acne and pimple. Chemicals like formaldehyde, para-aminobenzoic acid, paraphenylenediamine, glycerol thioglycolate, ammonium thioglycolate usually act as allergens. Hypersensitive individuals may have a greater risk to develop irreversible immunological changes that trigger the sensitivity reaction and evoke the critical condition.

Heavy metal poisoning

Mercury, lead, aluminum, cadmium, and manganese are some of the metallic substances added to different beauty products. But if these ingredients reach our blood circulation, then many dangerous consequences can happen. For example, some skin lightening products contain mercury. Severe vital organ damage can occur if this harmful chemical reaches the brain, kidney, or nervous system. Manganese can cause nervous system disorder. Lead and mercury-containing products are deleterious to use during pregnancy as they can hurt the fetus, such as impaired growth or restrict brain development, etc.

Alternatives of chemical ingredients in Beauty products

Herbs are natural and organic alternatives to chemical ingredients in beauty products. Natural and organic ingredient-based beauty products provide nourishment to the skin and scalp. These products rejuvenate beauty by regenerating collagen, elastin in skin tissue and improve hair re-growth.

The advantages of using natural and organic herbal ingredients are as follows:

Natural ingredients are free from harmful synthetic chemicals and do not cause any toxic reaction.
Natural and organic products are safe to use. They usually do not induce hypersensitivity reactions.
Natural and organic ingredients are suitable to use for all skin types.
There is a vast range of natural and organic ingredients obtained from herbs or other natural sources. These can provide a wide range to select your preferable beauty products.
Herbs containing natural beauty products are generally not too much expensive. Most importantly, they do not cause any side effect that requires treating further.

I am sure the above mention evidential research information can change your pick-up style of beauty products. NitaNaturale does not recommend any specific brand to avoid biases. But during the cosmetic and personal care product selection, you concentrate on the product composition and concentration of each ingredient enlisted on the label. It is always preferable to take natural and organic beauty products to avoid unnecessary chemical exposure. Ultimately our skin is the integration of organic cellular structures that readily accept natural products. Thus, natural beauty products enhance inner skin health by nourishing the underlying skin tissues without repealing any adverse effects.

References

https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/0b82/131752fac7b61abfc9f08a7d0f55343d2d9f.pdf

https://www.longdom.org/open-access/herbal-cosmetics-and-cosmeceuticals-an-overview-2329-6836-1000170.pdf

5 natural must-have for this summer

Nita — Wed, 30 Jun 2021 05:22:24 +0000

Climatic conditions change throughout the year. We cannot use the same skincare regimen for all seasons. Dressing, food habits, lifestyle, and beauty products need to match the ‘beat the heat’ mantra of the summer season. Some of the essential beauty products usually present in summer skin regimens due to some specific reasons.

Summer skin regimen and its importance

Sunscreen is an essential summer beauty product to avoid sunburn and other harmful effects of strong ultraviolet (UV) rays. Sometimes, we cannot avoid going out during the daytime in the summer season. But the application of sunscreen is one of the primary measures to protect ourselves from UV rays. According to the American Cancer Society, exposure to UV rays is one of the primary causes of skin cancer. Apart from skin cancer, excessive sun exposure can cause sunburn, eye damage, and early wrinkles development. [1]

Sunburn is often associated with redness and skin swelling, pain, drying, itching, peeling. Worsening of the condition causes blister formations. Children are often affected by sunburn during their outdoor activities. [2] However, too much sun exposure can affect adults also. SPF 30 or higher sunscreen application on sun-exposed skin area, covering with a protective cloth, look for shading are general instructions to avoid sunburn. [2]

The incidence of mosquito, tick and flea bites causing diseases had three times increased during the summer season. [3] Malaria and dengue fever are common mosquito bites causing diseases during the summer season due to the increasing predominance of mosquitoes and other insects. Bug repellent must be present in our skincare cabinet to get protection from their bites. The insect repellant is not sufficient to give protection against these diseases. But it can stop these insects’ bites and provides the best defense. [4]

During the summer season occurrence of skin, the wound is quite common due to dry and itchy skin. In addition, these wounds refuse to heal quickly during the summer season because of walking barefoot, wearing sandals, and wading in water. High-temperature during the summer season also support germ attacks due to profuse perspiration. We often ignore such infections at an early stage due to our busy schedules, commitments for social activities that ultimately create complications. [5] It is always better to take care of your skin wound at the initial stage. Apply some skin wound spray on the site of the wound for faster healing.

Why we need a moisturizer in summer – a common question of consumers. You may notice that patchy hot skin, redness, and roughness on the skin usually occur after sun exposure during the summer season. We also prefer to stay in artificially cooling rooms, which also dry our natural skin moisture. A good moisturizer is a solution to such a problem. The application of moisturizer provides a protective layer by preventing moisture loss from deeper skin tissue. It also repairs skin damaged by maintaining hydration and antioxidant effect. [6]

Natural ingredients to beat the heat

Natural sunscreens

Synthetic chemicals like oxybenzone or octinoxate and Avobenzone are common ingredients in sunscreen products. But recent research findings suspected these chemical compounds disrupt hormone signaling and increase cancer risk. Natural ingredients are a better alternative to avoid such harmful effects of chemicals. Sunscreen containing shinorine extracted from a specific type of red algae (Porphyra umbilicalis) absorbs high-energy UV radiation and protects against sun damage. Gadusol is another natural sunscreen ingredient obtained from zebrafish. This natural ingredient can reduce the sensitivity of skin cells to UV-B light and also protects against UV-B. [7] Some cosmetic company already formulates sunscreen products with these natural ingredients. You can opt for HELIONORI® to keep yourself naturally glow. [8]

Natural sunburn healer

Aloe vera has sunburn healing properties. American Academy of Dermatology Association also recommended Aloe vera containing moisturizer to heal sunburn. Soy containing product is also a good alternative to treat sunburn. [9] Cucumber is another summer fruit that has multiple skin benefits. Like toxin removal and soothing effect against skin irritations and reduces swelling and also provides relaxing and alleviating the sunburn’s pain. [10] Apart from these, cold yogurt also has anti-inflammatory properties and effective to smoothen sunburn symptoms. [11]

Bug repellant

A combination of vanillin and citronella oil has good bug repellant properties. Research findings also supported that Vanillin bean extract has mosquito repellant activity. [12] Experts recommended that you can prepare your bug repellant spray by mixing vanilia extract with water. You can soak a cotton ball in this mixture and apply it to your skin. [3]

Tea tree oil is another choice of natural insect replant. It has antiseptic, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory properties. [3] The efficacy of this natural ingredient against mosquitoes and flies is well-established in the scientific research journal. [13] The expert also provides the instruction on how to apply bug repellent spray effectively. First, apply natural moisture on the skin, then spray a small quantity of bug repellent. Do not directly spray bug repellent on facial skin. [14]

Wound spray

Certain essential oils obtained from different herbal sources have antiseptic properties that effectively treat wounds during hot and humid climates. Essential oils obtained from Mimosa, Yarrow, Balsam, rosewood, Myrrh have wound healing properties. Extracted essential oils from these plants are used to prepare different dermatology products. These essential oils have multiple medicinal benefits. Like some of them have antiseptic properties; some have an antimicrobial property to heal the wound naturally. [15]

Natural moisturizer

Passion Seed Oil is also known as Maracuja oil extracted from seeds of the Passion Flower. This oil has an emollient property. The light and non-greasy properties of this oil make it easily apply. It is an excellent skin moisturizer, which keeps skin hydrated. [16] Another natural ingredient is chia seed oil. The topical application of this oil can improve skin hydration and prevents water loss from skin tissue. [17] Peanut oil and sunflower oil also have skin moisturizing properties by restoring skin barrier function. Thus they prevent from escaping natural skin moisture on exposure to hot environmental conditions. Moreover, the topical application of peanut oil also provides sun protection. Olive oil also has a similar effect on sunflower oil. [18]

The above-mentioned natural ingredients have evidentially proven skin benefits, which you can introduce in your summer skin regimen practice.

References

Prepare your skin for festive season

Nita — Wed, 07 Oct 2020 04:59:27 +0000

Countdown begins! Within a month, various national and global festivals will start. Like Halloween, Dussehra-Diwali, Eid, Christmas, and many more festivities are in pipeline. Every year, people from different parts of the world are preparing for such a celebration and continue to end with a New year celebration. During festivals, we all are busy for preparation to celebrate the occasion, but have you prepared your skin so that this sensitive organ can withstand the harshness of chemicals?

People love to do makeup by applying heavy cosmetics on their skin for enhancing their aesthetic beauty to the zeal with the festive mood. I also love to experiment with different looks during the festivals to feel the change all around. But I am very much careful about my skin health.

Skin is one of the sensitive parts of our body and often react with chemicals. Although in the market different branded herbal cosmetics are available. And I prefer them to my makeover. But some herbal cosmetics are not completely chemical-free. Therefore, I start preparing my skin to withstand the harshness of chemicals before the arrival of the festive season. In this blog, I will provide some useful tips to increase skin tolerability as well as an herbal treatment to treat skin sensitivity reactions that occur after heavy makeup.

How to prepare your skin to enhance tolerability?

Stimulate collagen formation by peel off the dead skin layer

Alpha-hydroxy acids (AHAs) are different organic acids like glycolic acid, citric acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, and lactic acid which are naturally present in many herbs, superfood, and dairy products. AHAs are a suitable option for all types of skin with minimal risk to easily peel off the corneocyte cohesion and also prevent re-thickening of the stratum corneum. Thus, collagen development stimulates. [1]

In dermatological practice, AHA peels have been popularly used for many years. Alpha-hydroxy acids containing cosmeceuticals are already manufactured by different cosmeceuticals companies. But I prefer the natural regimen, as they are the safest option. From my research, I came to know Alpha-hydroxy acids can foe of human skin if proper concentration does not maintain. [1] But NitaNaturale promotes natural ingredients to cure and care for health issues including skin health. Here are some easily available natural sources of Alpha-hydroxy acids:

Include sugarcane or grape juice in your diet

If you are not a diabetic patient, then drink daily small glass of sugarcane juice and grape juice alternatively during the festive season. Both are natural sources of glycolic acid, which is effective against phototoxicity and skin inflammatory conditions and support skin health. [2,3]

Apply Banana mask

You can also apply a banana mask on your skin. Glycolic acid present in banana can penetrate the skin and naturally exfoliates the skin and prevent aging symptoms. Glycolic acid present in banana can act as chemical peeling. If you develop acne, melasma, post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, or superficial scarring after exposure to heavy makeup, then you also apply a banana mask. But you have to patiently follow the regimen for 16 weeks to heal naturally. [4,5]

Horse chestnut extract

If you prefer to use some ready to use herbal Alpha-hydroxy acids product, then you can buy Horse chestnut extract. It contains mandelic acid, a type of AHAs which has strong antioxidant and antiaging properties which impart skin cell-protective benefits and safer to use as a herbal cosmetic ingredient. [2, 6, 7]

Wash your face with buttermilk

Buttermilk is a fermented milk product that is an excellent source of lactic acid. Although a different type of alpha-hydroxy acids is present in different natural sources, lactic acid is an excellent natural moisturizer. [1] Chemical cosmetics often cause skin dehydration. Therefore, washing your skin with buttermilk helps to maintain the skin moisture balance and prevent skin dryness and associated skin problems like wrinkle formation, skin cracking, etc.

Strengthen the protective function of the epidermis

Beta-carotene is a common carotenoids pigment present in many fruits and vegetables like apricots, carrots, guava, pumpkins, peaches, cantaloupes, sweet potatoes, and mangoes. You may not know, 100gm of guava contains 140+μg retinol and considered an excellent source of retinoids. [8] Intake of these fruits or applying fruit masks can naturally supply retinoids in skin tissues, as Beta-carotene converts to retinoids in our body. Retinoids are the ultimate source of vitamin A.

How to apply Sweet potato face mask

Retinol, a derivative of vitamin A penetrates the stratum corneum layer of the skin and helps to generate new skin cells and strengthens the epidermal protective function. It also upholds the skin moisture by reducing transepidermal water loss. Application of Retinoids can prevent collagen and extracellular matrix degradation by inhibiting metalloproteinases activity. [9]

The sweet potato face mask is easy to apply on the skin to provide an adequate supply of retinoids. Boil sweet potato to make it soft. Mash and add a small amount of honey to give a sticky consistency. Apply all over the face and neck. Stay for 15 minutes and wash off with lukewarm water. In addition, a bowl of guava, or peaches, or carrot salad are retinoids-rich snack options.

Combination of Alpha-hydroxy acids and retinoids with natural ingredients

A combination of Alpha-hydroxy acids and retinoids is an effective treatment to improve skin tolerability. [10] Different cosmetic manufacturing companies have already marketed this combination formulation. Those who do not use these cosmeceuticals and prepare their own natural formulation, then I recommend take a half glass of fresh grape juice, and mix it with yogurt and ripe pulp of guava. You can add one teaspoon of bentonite clay to prepare a smooth face mask.

Control pigmentation

Pigmentation disorder is a common outcome of skin reaction. Controlled melanin formation is the treatment goal to solve pigmentation disorder. Citrus fruits containing ascorbic acid is an effective treatment for hyperpigmentation. A human trial result found that 96% of the effective result of ascorbic acid against hyperpigmentation within eight weeks treatment period. [11]

How to apply lemon juice topically

Squeeze lemon juice on a cotton ball and apply all over the facial skin. Wait till the juice dries naturally. Apply it alternative days. You may feel skin irritation immediately after the application of the juice, but soon it will go. In case, you have experienced any side effects, then discontinue it.

Include soy product in your diet

Isoflavones and other phytochemicals present in soybean have photoprotective, pigment-reducing, and melanosome transfer inhibiting properties. Thus, the application of soybean extract is an effective treatment for facial hyper-melanosis and human trial results also support this efficacy. [11] Therefore, increase soy product intake during the festive season is not only a tasty option but also give your skin enough isoflavones to protect against pigmentation disorder.

Increase skin immunity

Increasing skin immunity is an important step to prevent any microbial infections. You may hear about microbiota, a ‘friendly bacterial layer’ present in our gut wall to support the digestion process. Similarly, our skin also has microbiota. The topical application of probiotic for skincare is a novel approach to maintain the skin microbiota. The application of probiotics in skincare products improves the immunity of the skin by generating antimicrobial peptides and able to eradicate pathogens. [12]

Regularly apply yogurt on your skin

Yogurt is an example of a probiotic and a good source of lactic acid. Therefore, when you use any natural probiotics like yogurt or probiotic supplement it also supports your skin health. Therefore, regularly apply a yogurt mask on your skin to give protection against skin infection.

Uphold skin moisture

Aloe vera is one of the most popular herbal moisturizing ingredients used in many cosmetic preparations. Cucumber, almond oil, grape seed, jojoba oil, olive oil are also effective herbal ingredients that can uphold the water content of the epidermis layer of the skin. The clinical trial

result reported that the active ingredients present in herbs are useful to hydrate skin tissue and maintain the skin viscoelasticity. [13]

Moisturize your skin with natural ingredients

You can collect aloe vera gel by scraping the leaves of the plant and apply directly on the skin to naturally moisturize the skin. You can also massage your skin with almond oil, or other mentioned options. Add cucumber to your salad preparation.

You should try all the above-mentioned herbal regimen during the festive season and feel the change of your skin texture.

References

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6017965/
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/311494113_Hydroxy_Acids_Production_and_Applications
https://digitalcommons.pcom.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1194&context=pa_systematic_reviews
http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/5064/1/CD6376.pdf
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/6195478_The_therapeutic_value_of_glycolic_acid_peels_in_dermatology
https://bmcbiochem.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12858-018-0095-7
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18503457/
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0889157500909694#:~:text=Salak%20and%20guava%20were%20found,retinol%20equivalents%2F100%20g).
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6791161/
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jocd.12381
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5843359/
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352647515000155
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2992143/